Chapter Learning Outcomes

1. Define culture and understand it as an evolutionary adaptation that humans rely on to exist in social structures.  
2. Explain how the dominant ideology influences the creation of culture.
3. Describe the components of culture and understand the relationship between material and non-material culture.  
4. Discuss the different types of cultural groups, including subculture, counterculture and dominant culture.  
5. Understand and be able to apply the following concepts: ethnocentrism, cultural relativism, cultural lag, culture shock and cultural leveling.  
6. Outline the means through which cultures change.